铜氧化物高温超导体中的电子有序态

Electronic orders in cuprate high temperature superconductors

摘要: 铜氧化物高温超导现象自30年前被发现以来，对现代凝聚态物理的发展产生了极其重要的影响，然而其微观机制至今依然是一个谜。近年来，多种实验手段的研究结果发现，在铜氧化物高温超导体中电子除了形成库珀对，还可能形成多种其他新奇的有序态，例如自旋有序态、电荷有序态以及库珀对密度波等。这些有序态的起源及其与赝能隙态和超导态的关联对于理解高温超导机理可能具有重要的意义。文章将主要从实验的角度对铜氧化物超导体中的电子有序态做一个概述。

Abstract: The mechanism of cuprate high temperature superconductivity has remained a mystery in modern condensed physics, since its discovery 30 years ago. In recent years, novel electronic orders other than superconductivity has been observed in cuprates, including spin,charge, and Cooper pair orders. The physical origin of these orders and their relation to the pseudogap and superconducting state may play important roles in unveiling the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity. Here we will briefly summarize the experimental results on these issues.