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谭有恒. 从乌蒙山到念青唐古拉——百年宇宙线研究的中国故事[J]. 物理, 2013, 42(01): 13-22. DOI: 10.7693/wl20130102
引用本文: 谭有恒. 从乌蒙山到念青唐古拉——百年宇宙线研究的中国故事[J]. 物理, 2013, 42(01): 13-22. DOI: 10.7693/wl20130102
From a Yunnan mountain to a Tibetan highland——the story of a hundred years of cosmic ray research in China[J]. PHYSICS, 2013, 42(01): 13-22. DOI: 10.7693/wl20130102
Citation: From a Yunnan mountain to a Tibetan highland——the story of a hundred years of cosmic ray research in China[J]. PHYSICS, 2013, 42(01): 13-22. DOI: 10.7693/wl20130102

从乌蒙山到念青唐古拉——百年宇宙线研究的中国故事

From a Yunnan mountain to a Tibetan highland——the story of a hundred years of cosmic ray research in China

  • 摘要: 百年前,宇宙线的发现曾极大地开阔了人们对宇观和微观世界的眼界,促成了粒子物理学的诞生.新中国成立之初,早年在国外在此领域业已成果卓著的几位前辈,组织起了中国本土第一支宇宙线研究队伍,在云南乌蒙山中建成了中国第一个宇宙线实验室,十年中收获了一系列高水平的实验成果.不幸,此后近20年的磋跎岁月扩大了中国与日新月异的国际新技术之间的差距,中国的宇宙线研究落到了自我边缘化的境地.幸好国家的改革开放政策为奋起直追提供了机会,中国第二代的宇宙线研究者经过种种摸索,选择了高海拔广延大气簇射观测的路线去实现我国宇宙线研究的复兴.20多年的埋头苦干,在海拔4300m的西藏念青唐古拉山脚下建成了一个现代化、国际化的宇宙线实验基地,完成了中国的宇宙线研究从云雾室、手工化向规模化、信息化的历史性转型,并以其特有的低阈能、高事例率、全天候、宽视场优势和国际合作,开展着多项前沿性的科研项目,迎来了丰收的季节.随着国家的日益富强,中国宇宙线研究的年青一代,必将从更高的起点出发,创造出中国宇宙线研究的更大的辉煌.

     

    Abstract: The discovery of cosmic rays a hundred years ago opened a new field of view to the universe and the mysterious particle world,leading to the birth of particle physics. Cosmic ray research in China was started in the early 50’s of the last century by several senior scientists who had already distinguished themselves abroad in this subject. The first cosmic ray observatory in China was built on a mountain in Yunnan province,and many high level results were obtained in the ensuing ten years. Then after almost twenty years of political unrest,the national“Reform & Opening up”policy provided a good opportunity to stimulate development and to narrow the wide gap caused by long term stagnation. The second generation of Chinese cosmic ray researchers chose high altitude extensive air showers as their new target of observation,and embarked on twenty years of hard work to build a modern international cosmic ray experimental station at Yangbajing in Tibet,4300m above sea level. The manually operated cloud chamber was transformed into a large-scale high-technology facility,capable of performing various international research programs with its unique low threshold energy,high trigger rate and wide field of view. The Yanbajing Observatory symbolizes that China’s cosmic ray research has started on a new march towards excellence.

     

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