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张广铭, 于渌. 物理学中的演生现象[J]. 物理, 2010, 39(08): 543-549.
引用本文: 张广铭, 于渌. 物理学中的演生现象[J]. 物理, 2010, 39(08): 543-549.
Emergent phenomena in physics[J]. PHYSICS, 2010, 39(08): 543-549.
Citation: Emergent phenomena in physics[J]. PHYSICS, 2010, 39(08): 543-549.

物理学中的演生现象

Emergent phenomena in physics

  • 摘要: 在物理学过去的发展历史中,还原论的观点一直是物理学工作者进行研究的最基本的指导原则.它对整个学科的发展起到了巨大的推动作用,并取得了辉煌的成就.但是,以还原论为基础来研究和讨论复杂系统的合作现象时,却遇到了前所未有的挑战,从而使演生论的思想孕育而生,并成为当今物理学研究的重要指导原则.文章详细介绍了凝聚物理学中典型的演生现象的形成和发展的历史过程,主要的研究内容和研究方法,以及所取得的重要进展.

     

    Abstract: In the historical development of physics, the idea of reduction has been a fundamental guiding pricinple which has played a most important role in many celebrated achievements of the past decades. However, when cooperative phenomena in complex systems are investigated on the basis of reduction, the theories have encountered enormous difficulties and challenges. Thus, emergent principles have to be established, and these have become a new paradigm in current theoretical research. This article will present a comprehensive discussion about the developments of prototype emergent phenomena in condensed matter physics, addressing various important topics, useful treatments, and major advances.

     

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